CVE-2025-31493
Kirby is an open-source content management system. A vulnerability in versions prior to 3.9.8.3, 3.10.1.2, and 4.7.1 affects all Kirby sites that use the collection() helper or $kirby->collection() method with a dynamic collection name (such as a collection name that depends on request or user data). Sites that only use fixed calls to the collection() helper/$kirby->collection() method (i.e. calls with a simple string for the collection name) are not affected. A missing path traversal check allowed attackers to navigate and access all files on the server that were accessible to the PHP process, including files outside of the collections root or even outside of the Kirby installation. PHP code within such files was executed. Such attacks first require an attack vector in the site code that is caused by dynamic collection names, such as collection('tags-' . get('tags')). It generally also requires knowledge of the site structure and the server's file system by the attacker, although it can be possible to find vulnerable setups through automated methods such as fuzzing. In a vulnerable setup, this could cause damage to the confidentiality and integrity of the server. The problem has been patched in Kirby 3.9.8.3, Kirby 3.10.1.2, and Kirby 4.7.1. In all of the mentioned releases, the maintainers of Kirby have added a check for the collection path that ensures that the resulting path is contained within the configured collections root. Collection paths that point outside of the collections root will not be loaded.
| Software | From | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
getkirby / cms
|
- | 3.9.8.3 |
|
getkirby / cms
|
3.10.0 | 3.10.1.2 |
|
getkirby / cms
|
4.0.0 | 4.7.1 |
|
getkirby / kirby
|
- | 3.9.8.3 |
|
getkirby / kirby
|
3.10.0 | 3.10.1.2 |
|
getkirby / kirby
|
4.0.0 | 4.7.1 |
- https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/commit/95a51480a426a8ed0df799cc017403be9b987ced
- https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/3.10.1.2
- https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/3.9.8.3
- https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/4.7.1
- https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/security/advisories/GHSA-x275-h9j4-7p4h
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Frequently Asked Questions
A security vulnerability is a weakness in software, hardware, or configuration that can be exploited to compromise confidentiality, integrity, or availability. Many vulnerabilities are tracked as CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), which provide a standardized identifier so teams can coordinate patching, mitigation, and risk assessment across tools and vendors.
CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) estimates technical severity, but it doesn't automatically equal business risk. Prioritize using context like internet exposure, affected asset criticality, known exploitation (proof-of-concept or in-the-wild), and whether compensating controls exist. A "Medium" CVSS on an exposed, production system can be more urgent than a "Critical" on an isolated, non-production host.
A vulnerability is the underlying weakness. An exploit is the method or code used to take advantage of it. A zero-day is a vulnerability that is unknown to the vendor or has no publicly available fix when attackers begin using it. In practice, risk increases sharply when exploitation becomes reliable or widespread.
Recurring findings usually come from incomplete Asset Discovery, inconsistent patch management, inherited images, and configuration drift. In modern environments, you also need to watch the software supply chain: dependencies, containers, build pipelines, and third-party services can reintroduce the same weakness even after you patch a single host. Unknown or unmanaged assets (often called Shadow IT) are a common reason the same issues resurface.
Use a simple, repeatable triage model: focus first on externally exposed assets, high-value systems (identity, VPN, email, production), vulnerabilities with known exploits, and issues that enable remote code execution or privilege escalation. Then enforce patch SLAs and track progress using consistent metrics so remediation is steady, not reactive.
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