Vulnerability Database

346,508

Total vulnerabilities in the database

CVE-2026-45255 — freebsd / freebsd

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

When bsdinstall or bsdconfig are prompted to scan for nearby Wi-Fi networks, they build up a list of network names and use bsddialog(1) to prompt the user to select a network. This is implemented using a shell script, and the code which handled network names was not careful to prevent expansion by the shell. As a result, a suitably crafted network name can be used to execute commands via a subshell.

The problem can be exploited to execute code as root on the system running bsdinstall or bsdconfig. The attacker would need to create an access point with a specially crafted name and be within range of a Wi-Fi scan. Note that bsdinstall and bsdconfig are vulnerable as soon as the user prompts them to scan for nearby networks; they do not need to actually select the malicious network.

  • Published: May 21, 2026
  • Updated: May 22, 2026
  • CVE: CVE-2026-45255
  • Severity: High
  • Exploit:

CVSS v3:

  • Severity: High
  • Score: 7.5
  • AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWEs:

OWASP TOP 10:

Software From Fixed in
freebsd / freebsd 14.3 14.3.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p1 14.3-p1.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p10 14.3-p10.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p11 14.3-p11.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p12 14.3-p12.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p13 14.3-p13.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p2 14.3-p2.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p3 14.3-p3.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p4 14.3-p4.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p5 14.3-p5.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p6 14.3-p6.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p7 14.3-p7.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p8 14.3-p8.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.3-p9 14.3-p9.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.4 14.4.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.4-p1 14.4-p1.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.4-p2 14.4-p2.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.4-p3 14.4-p3.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.4-p4 14.4-p4.x
freebsd / freebsd 14.4-rc1 14.4-rc1.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0 15.0.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0-p1 15.0-p1.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0-p2 15.0-p2.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0-p3 15.0-p3.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0-p4 15.0-p4.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0-p5 15.0-p5.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0-p6 15.0-p6.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0-p7 15.0-p7.x
freebsd / freebsd 15.0-p8 15.0-p8.x

Frequently Asked Questions

A security vulnerability is a weakness in software, hardware, or configuration that can be exploited to compromise confidentiality, integrity, or availability. Many vulnerabilities are tracked as CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), which provide a standardized identifier so teams can coordinate patching, mitigation, and risk assessment across tools and vendors.

CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) estimates technical severity, but it doesn't automatically equal business risk. Prioritize using context like internet exposure, affected asset criticality, known exploitation (proof-of-concept or in-the-wild), and whether compensating controls exist. A "Medium" CVSS on an exposed, production system can be more urgent than a "Critical" on an isolated, non-production host.

A vulnerability is the underlying weakness. An exploit is the method or code used to take advantage of it. A zero-day is a vulnerability that is unknown to the vendor or has no publicly available fix when attackers begin using it. In practice, risk increases sharply when exploitation becomes reliable or widespread.

Recurring findings usually come from incomplete Asset Discovery, inconsistent patch management, inherited images, and configuration drift. In modern environments, you also need to watch the software supply chain: dependencies, containers, build pipelines, and third-party services can reintroduce the same weakness even after you patch a single host. Unknown or unmanaged assets (often called Shadow IT) are a common reason the same issues resurface.

Use a simple, repeatable triage model: focus first on externally exposed assets, high-value systems (identity, VPN, email, production), vulnerabilities with known exploits, and issues that enable remote code execution or privilege escalation. Then enforce patch SLAs and track progress using consistent metrics so remediation is steady, not reactive.

SynScan combines attack surface monitoring and continuous security auditing to keep your inventory current, flag high-impact vulnerabilities early, and help you turn raw findings into a practical remediation plan.