internal/web/session.go and internal/web/oidc.go set HttpOnly and SameSite=Lax on every cookie but never Secure. A single plaintext request to the origin (operator on a LAN, mistyped URL, HTTP→HTTPS not strictly enforced, reverse proxy misconfiguration) discloses the session.
All released versions up to v0.3.1.
An attacker who can observe one HTTP request to the origin recovers the session cookie and impersonates the operator for the remainder of its 24h TTL. The OIDC state cookie has a narrower 10-minute window but enables CSRF on the OIDC callback during that window.
internal/web/session.go — Login, StartAuthenticatedSession, CompleteTwoFactor, Logoutinternal/web/oidc.go — HandleLogin (state set), HandleCallback (state clear)Driven by an explicit cookie_secure config option, inferred true when tls_cert+tls_key are configured and false otherwise. rate_limit.trust_proxy_header is deliberately not used as a signal — that flag controls XFF parsing for rate-limit IPs and does not promise the proxy speaks TLS to clients. Operator behind a TLS-terminating proxy sets cookie_secure: true explicitly.
Logout and OIDC state-clear cookies also pick up matching HttpOnly + SameSite=Lax so browsers reliably replace the original.
Start nebula-mgmt without tls_cert/tls_key (the documented "behind a reverse proxy" deployment). Hit any login flow over the local listener:
curl -i -X POST -d 'username=admin&password=…' http://127.0.0.1:8080/ui/login
The Set-Cookie: nebula_session=… line will lack Secure. A subsequent unencrypted hop reveals the cookie verbatim.
Operators flipping cookie_secure on a running deployment should expect a one-time logout: existing browser cookies have the old attribute set and the new delete-cookie won't match.
A security vulnerability is a weakness in software, hardware, or configuration that can be exploited to compromise confidentiality, integrity, or availability. Many vulnerabilities are tracked as CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), which provide a standardized identifier so teams can coordinate patching, mitigation, and risk assessment across tools and vendors.
CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) estimates technical severity, but it doesn't automatically equal business risk. Prioritize using context like internet exposure, affected asset criticality, known exploitation (proof-of-concept or in-the-wild), and whether compensating controls exist. A "Medium" CVSS on an exposed, production system can be more urgent than a "Critical" on an isolated, non-production host.
A vulnerability is the underlying weakness. An exploit is the method or code used to take advantage of it. A zero-day is a vulnerability that is unknown to the vendor or has no publicly available fix when attackers begin using it. In practice, risk increases sharply when exploitation becomes reliable or widespread.
Recurring findings usually come from incomplete Asset Discovery, inconsistent patch management, inherited images, and configuration drift. In modern environments, you also need to watch the software supply chain: dependencies, containers, build pipelines, and third-party services can reintroduce the same weakness even after you patch a single host. Unknown or unmanaged assets (often called Shadow IT) are a common reason the same issues resurface.
Use a simple, repeatable triage model: focus first on externally exposed assets, high-value systems (identity, VPN, email, production), vulnerabilities with known exploits, and issues that enable remote code execution or privilege escalation. Then enforce patch SLAs and track progress using consistent metrics so remediation is steady, not reactive.
SynScan combines attack surface monitoring and continuous security auditing to keep your inventory current, flag high-impact vulnerabilities early, and help you turn raw findings into a practical remediation plan.