How should we interpret CVSS severity scores?

CVSS estimates technical severity, but it does not automatically equal business risk. Prioritize using context like internet exposure, asset criticality, known exploitation, and whether compensating controls exist. A Medium CVSS on an exposed production system can be more urgent than a Critical on an isolated non-production host.

Vulnerability Database

Q: What is a Vulnerability (CVE) and why does it matter?

A security vulnerability is a weakness in software, hardware, or configuration that can be exploited to compromise confidentiality, integrity, or availability. Many vulnerabilities are tracked as CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), which provide a standardized identifier so teams can coordinate patching, mitigation, and risk assessment across tools and vendors.

Q: What's the difference between a vulnerability, an exploit, and a zero-day?

A vulnerability is the underlying weakness. An exploit is the method or code used to take advantage of it. A zero-day is a vulnerability that is unknown to the vendor or has no publicly available fix when attackers begin using it. Risk increases sharply when exploitation becomes reliable or widespread.

Q: Why do vulnerabilities keep reappearing in our environment?

Recurring findings usually come from incomplete asset discovery, inconsistent patch management, inherited images, and configuration drift. In modern environments, you also need to watch the software supply chain: dependencies, containers, build pipelines, and third-party services can reintroduce the same weakness even after you patch a single host.

Q: How do we prioritize remediation without burning out the team?

Use a repeatable triage model: focus first on externally exposed assets, high-value systems (identity, VPN, email, production), vulnerabilities with known exploits, and issues that enable remote code execution or privilege escalation. Then enforce patch SLAs and track progress so remediation is steady, not reactive.

Q: How can SynScan help reduce vulnerability risk over time?

SynScan combines attack surface monitoring and continuous security auditing to keep your inventory current, flag high-impact vulnerabilities early, and help you turn raw findings into a practical remediation plan.

352,427

Total vulnerabilities in the database

CVE-2026-54350 — @budibase / server

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')

Summary

enrichContext at packages/server/src/sdk/workspace/queries/queries.ts:121-138 substitutes parameter values into the raw JSON body of a query, then JSON.parses the result. The validator validateQueryInputs at packages/server/src/api/controllers/query/index.ts:61-71 rejects only Handlebars markers ({{, }}) in user input and does not escape JSON metacharacters (", \, }). A parameter value containing a closing quote and additional keys lifts attacker-controlled fields into the parsed filter object.

For Mongo find, the parsed filter passes directly to collection.find() (packages/server/src/integrations/mongodb.ts:506-510). Duplicate-key JSON parsing overrides the builder's {name: "..."} with {name: {$exists: true}} and returns every document. The same primitive against an updateMany query (mongodb.ts:577-585) widens the filter scope to the full collection while the builder-controlled $set body runs against every matched document.

The authorized middleware at packages/server/src/middleware/authorized.ts:141-148 short-circuits when the query's role is PUBLIC. CSRF is not enforced on this path. POST /api/v2/queries/:queryId (packages/server/src/api/routes/query.ts:63) accepts the call with no session, only an x-budibase-app-id header that is public from the published-app URL.

Result: an unauthenticated visitor of any published Budibase app reads every document of the backing MongoDB, CouchDB, Elasticsearch, DynamoDB-PartiQL, or REST-with-JSON-body collection and, where the builder has published a PUBLIC write query, modifies every document of that collection with one HTTP request.

Affected

Budibase/budibase server, @budibase/server package, <= 3.39.0 (HEAD feab995, released 2026-05-20).

Reachable on any deployment where a workspace builder has set the role of a non-SQL query (MongoDB, CouchDB, Elasticsearch, DynamoDB-PartiQL, or REST with bodyType=json) to PUBLIC and published the app. This is the canonical low-code public-form use case.

SQL datasources (Postgres, MySQL, MSSQL, Oracle, MariaDB) route through interpolateSQL and are not affected.

Root cause

packages/server/src/sdk/workspace/queries/queries.ts:121-138: processStringSync(fields[key], parameters, {noEscaping: true, noHelpers: true}) writes the raw parameter value into the JSON-body string with no JSON-string escape; the followup JSON.parse(enrichedQuery.json || enrichedQuery.customData || enrichedQuery.requestBody) lifts the substituted text into the integration filter object.

packages/server/src/api/controllers/query/index.ts:61-71: validateQueryInputs only rejects values where findHBSBlocks(value).length !== 0 (Handlebars markers) and ignores JSON metacharacters.

packages/server/src/integrations/mongodb.ts:506-510: collection.find(json) receives the user-controlled filter object directly with no key prefix or operator allow-list.

packages/server/src/integrations/mongodb.ts:577-585: collection.updateMany(json.filter, json.update, json.options) accepts the templated filter without verifying that the substituted filter still matches the builder's intent.

packages/server/src/middleware/authorized.ts:141-148: if (resourceRoles.includes(roles.BUILTIN_ROLE_IDS.PUBLIC)) return next() skips both authentication and CSRF.

packages/server/src/integrations/queries/sql.ts:29-122: interpolateSQL rewrites every {{ binding }} to a positional bind placeholder ($N or ?). The SQL leg is bind-parameterised; the JSON leg is not.

Reproduction

budibase/budibase:latest (v3.39.0) Docker single-container, default config. Builder logs in once, creates a MongoDB datasource, creates a query GetUserByName with body { "name": "{{ name }}" }, sets the query role to PUBLIC, and publishes the app.

Anonymous client sends the inject payload to the read query.

POST /api/v2/queries/&lt;read-queryId&gt; HTTP/1.1
Host: &lt;budibase-host&gt;
x-budibase-app-id: &lt;published-appId&gt;
Content-Type: application/json

{&quot;parameters&quot;:{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;x\&quot;,\&quot;name\&quot;:{\&quot;$exists\&quot;:true},\&quot;$comment\&quot;:\&quot;audit&quot;}}

{&quot;data&quot;:[
  {&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;...&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;alice&quot;,&quot;secret&quot;:&quot;alice-secret-flag&quot;},
  {&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;...&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;bob&quot;,&quot;secret&quot;:&quot;bob-secret-flag&quot;},
  {&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;...&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;admin&quot;,&quot;role&quot;:&quot;admin&quot;,&quot;secret&quot;:&quot;ADMIN-SUPER-SECRET-FLAG&quot;}
]}

Builder publishes a second query TouchUser (verb update, action updateMany, body { "filter": { "name": "{{ name }}" }, "update": { "$set": { "touched": true } } }, role PUBLIC). Anonymous client sends the same inject pattern.

POST /api/v2/queries/&lt;updateMany-queryId&gt; HTTP/1.1
Host: &lt;budibase-host&gt;
x-budibase-app-id: &lt;published-appId&gt;
Content-Type: application/json

{&quot;parameters&quot;:{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;x\&quot;,\&quot;name\&quot;:{\&quot;$exists\&quot;:true},\&quot;$comment\&quot;:\&quot;esc&quot;}}

{&quot;data&quot;:[{&quot;acknowledged&quot;:true,&quot;matchedCount&quot;:3,&quot;modifiedCount&quot;:3,&quot;upsertedId&quot;:null,&quot;upsertedCount&quot;:0}]}

Live-verified: against Budibase v3.39.0 on 2026-05-20, anonymous read returned every document including ADMIN-SUPER-SECRET-FLAG; anonymous updateMany reported matchedCount: 3, modifiedCount: 3 against a 3-document collection where the builder's filter intended name = "x".

Impact

Anonymous read of every document in any backing MongoDB, CouchDB, Elasticsearch, DynamoDB-PartiQL, or REST-with-JSON-body collection reachable through a PUBLIC query, including columns the published query was not designed to return (password_hash, secret, api_token, mfa_secret).
Anonymous modification of every document of that collection where the builder has published a PUBLIC update, delete, or aggregate query, beyond the builder's intended single-document scope.
One HTTP request, no session, no CSRF, no user interaction.

Credit

Jan Kahmen, turingpoint ([email protected]).

Published: Jun 23, 2026
Updated: Jun 24, 2026
CVE: CVE-2026-54350
GHSA: GHSA-8qv3-p479-cj62
Severity: Critical
Exploit:
CISA KEV:

CVSS v3:

Severity: Critical
Score: 10
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

CWEs:

OWASP TOP 10:

A1 - Injection

Affected Software
References

Software	From	Fixed in
@budibase / server	-	3.39.12

https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/security/advisories/GHSA-8qv3-p479-cj62

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Vulnerability (CVE) and why does it matter?

A security vulnerability is a weakness in software, hardware, or configuration that can be exploited to compromise confidentiality, integrity, or availability. Many vulnerabilities are tracked as CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), which provide a standardized identifier so teams can coordinate patching, mitigation, and risk assessment across tools and vendors.

CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) estimates technical severity, but it doesn't automatically equal business risk. Prioritize using context like internet exposure, affected asset criticality, known exploitation (proof-of-concept or in-the-wild), and whether compensating controls exist. A "Medium" CVSS on an exposed, production system can be more urgent than a "Critical" on an isolated, non-production host.

A vulnerability is the underlying weakness. An exploit is the method or code used to take advantage of it. A zero-day is a vulnerability that is unknown to the vendor or has no publicly available fix when attackers begin using it. In practice, risk increases sharply when exploitation becomes reliable or widespread.

Recurring findings usually come from incomplete Asset Discovery, inconsistent patch management, inherited images, and configuration drift. In modern environments, you also need to watch the software supply chain: dependencies, containers, build pipelines, and third-party services can reintroduce the same weakness even after you patch a single host. Unknown or unmanaged assets (often called Shadow IT) are a common reason the same issues resurface.

Use a simple, repeatable triage model: focus first on externally exposed assets, high-value systems (identity, VPN, email, production), vulnerabilities with known exploits, and issues that enable remote code execution or privilege escalation. Then enforce patch SLAs and track progress using consistent metrics so remediation is steady, not reactive.

SynScan combines attack surface monitoring and continuous security auditing to keep your inventory current, flag high-impact vulnerabilities early, and help you turn raw findings into a practical remediation plan.